Language, Culture and their effects on Education

Language and culture are two different terms. However, the purpose of this essay is to explain that they are related one another in the sense that both of them are ways through which people from all over the world express themselves by showing their ideas and thoughts. This essay will also refer to how language and culture are also related to education and how it affects in this. Nevertheless, before starting with details and all the explanations, a definition of language and culture must be given.

Language is a type of communication that is learned in the process of our life. And is not something we get naturally. It has symbols such as codes, sounds or gestures which have meanings created by the people. All these symbols have form but the meaning can not be discovered as simply as their forms because most of them are abstract. Moreover some of the words have important and powerful meanings which can be offensive for some people if they are not used correctly. Language is also exposed to a continuous change, many new words are appearing day by day and the meaning of words used in the past can get a new meaning over the time. We can find different languages from one country to another or maybe it changes depending on social classes, the place where we live, the people we share with, etc. It is expressed through different ways, for example it can be spoken, written and even gestures that mean something.

On the other hand, what we know as culture is all kind of expressions or customs that identify certain ethnic groups, in other words, the people’s behavior. For instance, "knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by people from a specific society" ( Primitive Culture. Edward B.Tylor. 1871). As well as Language, culture keeps changing. Culture is also symbolic, for example when we say the word “home” we immediately associate it with a structure where a family lives, however it may have a totally different meaning for other cultures. "Culture is grown and groomed and it’s what enables us to be, it means that thanks to culture we can interact and understand one another. But it can also impede communication and understanding with others because of the differences from one culture to another" (Kramsch, C., 1998. Language and Culture. Oxford University Press)

Now, from these definitions we can start talking about the relationship between them both.

Through language people express facts, ideas, knowledge about the world. It expresses each cultural reality, the way people see the world and all this is symbolized by language, giving a representation of the social groups. Social identity, which is values, attitudes and beliefs are also demonstrated by language. With this we can see that Language shows the people’s culture, permitting to know what group we belong to and it is not showed by just one way but there are different sorts of language expressions. For example, first, there is written language which means knowing how to write an appropriated document, second we have discourse community which is the use of certain topics we can have similar with the other person,finally, speech community which involves values and attitude. Of course all this depends on the context. Therefore Language and Culture are a complement, because Language is produced by Culture and language is one of the ways through which culture expresses itself. As it’s said in the text “Language and Culture” by Claire Kramsch, “Culture is the product of socially and historically situated discourse communities, that are to a large extent imagined communities, created and shaped by language”. We need language because if we don’t have it, we can not spread history over the time and if we don’t have history, then we would not have the knowledge of the amounts of cultures and the understanding of them.

Both language and culture have a big importance inside a classroom or in schools. Nowadays we can find a huge amount of cultures or subcultures that are present in the school. Therefore, teachers must have close relationships with the students so that they can have knowledge of the cultures they belong to. Once the teacher knows the students culture, he or she will be able to understand them better because each student is part of a culture. As a result of that, not all the students will express in the same way, either it is the way they speak or the way they use the language because it varies and there is a specific vocabulary in each culture.





Bibliography:


- “Language and Culture” by Claire Kramsch.

- http://anthro.palomar.edu/language/language_2.htm

- Deacon, Terrence William (1998). The Symbolic Species: The Co-Evolution of Language and the Brain.

- wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn

Machines or Human Beings?

In the movie “Modern Times” Charles Chaplin is living in the era of progress and modernity. A period of time when getting a job was so difficult and the working conditions were not appropriate.

Charles Chaplin is a man who works in a factory where the owner’s only interest is production. Charles is forced to work hard, fast and without stopping in order to produce as much as it’s possible in every single day. His boss is always watching at him to make sure if he is working, as a machine, because if he is not he could loose his job immediately. The treat from the boss through the workers is aweful. It seems like they were machines that just have to produce all day because the more fast they work, the more happy is their boss. As it is a era of progress, modernity and technology, they make a machine to feed the workers to keep them working even in lunch time. Chaplin loose his job and is taken to jail where he get use to live because the conditions there are better than outside. In jail he doesn’t have the need to work and he knows he will receive food afterwords. Nevertheless, he is not in jail for ever, so once he is free, he starts getting into troubles just to go back to jail because of the bad conditions outside, and at the same time he falls in love with a poor woman. They both fall deeply in love and make plans for the future, such as buying a house and make a family life together.

While the time pass, he fortunately finds a new job in another factory but unluckily he is fired again.

His life and the life of most of the people from that time is hard and sad, working a lot to live in very poor conditions, in other words just to survive, while the owners of the factories get rich doing nothing.

I have never seen a Charles Chaplin’s movie before and this as the first one I see, I really liked it. I think that even though there are no voices, it shows the reality of those times in a funny way. The message is clear, what the movie is supposed to represent is very well done. It shows poverty, bad treats to the worker society, aweful conditions of work, in short, it is what they called progress and modernity and unfortunately it is the kind of progress we have nowadays. No big changes are seen in terms of the relationship between boss and worker or the conditions for them to work.

The struggle of a Queen.

The story of Elizabeth from her days of an innocent woman to her coronation. The protestant Queen of England is living in a difficult period of time because of many factors, such as love, the pressure from Spain and France against her.

Elizabeth proclaimed Queen of England in 1558, after the death of her half sister Mary I who wanted to stablish Catholicism as England's single faith. Once Elizabeth was crowned as Queen, her Chief adviser Sir William Cecil suggests marriage candidates because of all the pressing problems. There were many candidates to marry her such as, King Philip II of Spain, the French Duc D'Anjou. Elizabeth agrees to meet their ambassadors, but her true feelings are revealed when she meets Dudley for a secret tryst. She inmediately falls in love with him, but as he was a pirat she wanted to get to know him in secret and the only one who knew about this, was her assistant, she arranged some meetings for the Queen and Dudley. Elizabeth was not sure about what the man felt for her which was a reason to make her feel weak while big problems were happening. Spain and France wanted to make an attempt leaded by Mary from Scotland in order to get the power of England.

That is how the movie goes on. Queen Elizabeth between an unfaithfull love and the pressure from the abroad attempting against her to lose the trone.

I liked that she found someone to love after a long time of being alone. However, it was a wrong decision of her heart, what a bad luck. Loving someone who didn't love her and dealing with the fear of a war that was coming.

The characters played very good their roles, especially the main actress. When she knew about what was going on with France and Spain, I really could see that she was afraid and didn't know what to do, she expresses that feeling.

In spite of being a movie I didn't like too much, I liked the development and also part of the end. But I would have prefered the end on the other way around.

Secrets of Stonehenge

This time I will talk about one of the world's wonders, the Stonehenge. What is important here is the great mystery hidden by the stones. I'll base this entry on the video from the BBC and also on some myths I have seen before.

From a long time ago there have existed some myths about the purpose of the Stonehenge. It has been thought that the stones are a platform where UFOs take place when they come to the earth, or as it's shown in the video, some theories say that it was created as a temple to the Sun or the Moon. However, some people have also said that it is an astronomical calendar.

In order to discover the real secret behind this ancient and great monument, a group of British archeologists made some research by duging a huge hole in that place. They found bodies with illness' signals, so the new theory about this says that Stonehenge is a place where people used to go for healing.

All around the world there are great mysteries for which any theory will be able to find their real purposes, so in my opinion I think that the Stonehenge will continue being a mystery and nobody will discover why they were created.

Civilization

Civilization is one of the complex words to define. Due to being an extent concept, it doesn't have an specific definition and all the definitions depend on each person's point of view.

My vision of what civilization is that they are changes such as the ways how people think. It is an evolution of thoughts and as people start thinking differently, everything we see change through the time. The concept civilization involves every aspect of life, for example, art (paintings, music,etc). As we know, art is the representation of feelings and the way we see the world, therefore art is always exposed to changes because people is exposed to them. These changes are either related to the styles or to what we people show through this. Besides, civilization involves modernism, all the modern stuffs we are getting through the time represents civilization somehow.

In conclusion, civilization to me are all the changes in human beings' life.